Gingival Crevicular Fluid MMP‐8 and −13 and TIMP‐1 Levels in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis and Inflammatory Periodontal Disease

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 and -13 and tissue inhibitor of MMP (TIMP)-1 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemically healthy counterparts with inflammatory periodontal disease. Subjects (N = 74) were divided into five groups: 12 patients with RA and gingivitis; 13 patients with RA and periodontitis; 12 systemically healthy patients with gingivitis; 13 systemically healthy patients with periodontitis; and 24 periodontally and systemically healthy volunteers. Full-mouth clinical periodontal measurements were performed at six sites/tooth. GCF samples obtained from two sites in single-rooted teeth were analyzed by immunofluorometric assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data were assessed statistically by parametric tests. The total amounts of MMP-8 were lower in the healthy control group than in RA-gingivitis, RA-periodontitis, and healthy-periodontitis groups (P <0.05). MMP-13 levels were similar in all five study groups (P >0.05). Patients with RA and gingivitis or periodontitis exhibited levels of MMP-8 and -13 and TIMP-1 that were similar to systemically healthy counterparts (P >0.05). The coexistence of RA and periodontitis did not significantly affect the investigated parameters. GCF MMP-8 levels increased with periodontal inflammation. Despite the long-term usage of corticosteroids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, similar GCF MMP-8 and -13 levels in patients with RA and systemically healthy counterparts suggest that RA may create a tendency to overproduce these enzymes.