Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Attenuates Obesity and Adipose Tissue Remodeling in High-Fat Diet-Fed C57BL/6 Mice.

Seok Hee Seo,Feng Fang,Inhae Kang

doi:10.3390/ijerph18020631

Seok Hee Seo, Feng Fang + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020631

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Abstract

Obesity is characterized by excessive fat accumulation in adipose tissue, which is an active endocrine organ regulating energy metabolism. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is known to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiobesity effects, but the role of ginger in modulating adipocyte metabolism is largely unknown. In this study, we hypothesized that ginger supplementation inhibits high-fat (HF)-diet-mediated obesity. C57BL/6 male mice were randomly assigned to three diets for 7 weeks: low fat (LF, 16% kcal from fat), HF (HF, 60% kcal from fat), or HF with 5% ginger powder in diet (HF + G). The HF diet increased body weight (BW) and BW gain, as well as fasting glucose, total cholesterol, and hepatic lipid levels, compared to the LF diet-fed group. Ginger supplementation significantly improved HF-diet-induced BW gain, hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, and hepatic steatosis without altering food intake. Next, we investigated whether ginger modulates adipocyte remodeling. HF-mediated adipocyte hypertrophy with increased lipogenic levels was significantly improved by ginger supplementation. Furthermore, the HF+G group showed high levels of the fatty-acid oxidation gene, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), which was accompanied by a reduction in adipocyte inflammatory gene expression. Taken together, our work demonstrated that ginger supplementation attenuated HF-diet-mediated obesity and adipocyte remodeling in C57BL/6 mice.

Highlights

Obesity, which has reached epidemic proportions world-wide, can cause a number of complications [1,2].Excessive fat accumulation is characterized by obesity and occurs when energy consumption is higher than energy expenditure [3]
We found that monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP1), a proinflammatory chemokine that serves as a potent adipokine, was reduced in the ginger-supplemented group (Figure 4C, right)
The present study demonstrated that ginger, which has a high number of bioactive components (Figure 1A), suppressed HF-induced metabolic parameters such as BW gain (BWG), fasting glucose, total cholesterol levels (Figure 2), and hepatic steatosis (Figure 3)

Summary

Introduction

Obesity, which has reached epidemic proportions world-wide, can cause a number of complications (elevated blood pressure, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance etc.) [1,2]. Excessive fat accumulation is characterized by obesity and occurs when energy consumption is higher than energy expenditure [3]. Many ongoing studies are actively studying mechanisms to decrease energy overconsumption and increase energy dissipation to prevent energy imbalance. High consumption of nutrient-dense food such as a high-fat (HF). Diet or a high-sugar diet induces oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage which results in chronic low-grade inflammation status in the body [4,5]. Obese individuals have tried long-term plans for weight loss such as a modification of lifestyle, and the surgical and/or medicinal interventions [6].

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