Abstract
Gibberellic acid (GA3) is an important phytohormone, a member of gibberellins family, which acts as a promoter and regulator of plant growth. This study aimed to evaluate GA3 production by Fusarium moniliforme LPB03 and Gibberella fujikuroi LPB06 using different techniques of fermentation, solid state fermentation (SSF), submerged fermentation (SmF), and semisolid state fermentation (SSSF), and different types of bioreactors. In all techniques, citric pulp (CP), a subproduct obtained from the extraction of orange juice, was employed as the substrate/support. GA3 production by SSF reached 7.60 g kg−1 and 7.34 g kg−1 in Erlenmeyer flasks and column bioreactors, respectively. For SmF, the highest concentration of GA3 obtained was 236.00 mg L−1 in Erlenmeyer flasks, 273.00 mg L−1 in a 10 L stirred tank reactor (STR), and 203.00 mg L−1 in a 1.5 L bubble column reactor (BCR). SSSF was conducted with a CP suspension. In this case, GA3 concentration reached 331.00 mg L−1 in Erlenmeyer flasks and 208 mg L−1 in a BCR. The choice of the fermentation technique is undoubtedly linked to the characteristics and productivity of each process. The methods studied are inexpensive and were found to produce good proportions of GA3, making them suitable for several applications.
Highlights
Gibberellins (GAs) consist of a family of diterpenoid acids, an important group of phytohormones that exercise different effects on growth and development of plants, such as germination, cell elongation, expansion of leaves, and development of flowers [1,2,3]
This study aimed to evaluate the production of GA3 using Citric pulp (CP) as the substrate/support for solid state fermentation (SSF), submerged fermentation (SmF), and semisolid state fermentation (SSSF), using different types of bioreactors
The process was performed in a Bubble Column Reactor (BCR), where GA3 production reached 208.00 mg L−1, after 216 h of fermentation; this is equivalent to the results obtained in BCR by SmF
Summary
Gibberellins (GAs) consist of a family of diterpenoid acids, an important group of phytohormones that exercise different effects on growth and development of plants, such as germination, cell elongation, expansion of leaves, and development of flowers [1,2,3]. Similar to auxins, they stimulate the activity of transference, generating higher development of xylem and phloem in ligneous plants [4,5,6]. Biosynthesis, mode of action, and relationships between structure and activity of GAs have already been extensively investigated [7, 16, 17], little is known about the production of GAs by fermentation [18]
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