Giant Renal Vein Aneurysm and Arteriovenous Fistula Secondary to Renal Artery Aneurysm

Abstract

We report the case of a 26-year-old male who presented with an asymptomatic right-sided renal mass found during an ultrasound examination. Computed tomography (CT) and angiography confirmed the diagnosis of a venous aneurysm with a renal arteriovenous fistula (RAVF) arising from a renal artery aneurysm (RAA). The aneurysms were surgically resected and the RAVF was obliterated.Development of a spontaneous RAVF and a renal vein aneurysm arising from a RAA is rare. Hypertension is the most common presenting symptom. Surgical repair remains the most appropriate treatment for RAAs. In some cases, such as in saccular aneurysms or fistulas arising from small branches of the renal artery, embolisation can be used.