Abstract
Chorioangioma of the placenta is a common benign vascular tumour of the placenta consisting of blood vessels and stroma. Most of these tumours are small and have no adverse impact on the fetus. Large tumours are associated with complications affecting mother and the fetus which may cause intrauterine fetal death. Chorioangiomas probably act as peripheral shunts between arteries and veins (arteriovenous shunts) leading to progressive heart failure of the fetus. Prenatal diagnosis is achieved by ultrasonography and Doppler studies will confirm the highly vascular nature of the mass. As the tumour is associated with unfavourable effects on the mother and fetus like polyhydramnios, prematurity, toxaemia, hydrops and fetal heart failure pregnancy needs to have regular surveillance to detect and manage complications early. A case of giant placental chorioangioma in a primigravida associated with intrauterine fetal death at 30 weeks of gestation is reported.
Highlights
Giant placental chorioangioma are associated with a high prevalence of pregnancy complications and a poor perinatal outcome.[1]
The sonographic appearance of a chorioangioma is that of a solid or complex mass on the fetal surface of the placenta .Mostly located underneath the chorionic plate near the insertion of the umbilical cord and often protruding into the amniotic cavity.[2]
Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of placental chorioangioma in this case (Figure 3)
Summary
Giant placental chorioangioma are associated with a high prevalence of pregnancy complications and a poor perinatal outcome.[1]. The sonographic appearance of a chorioangioma is that of a solid or complex mass on the fetal surface of the placenta .Mostly located underneath the chorionic plate near the insertion of the umbilical cord and often protruding into the amniotic cavity.[2] Three histological patterns of chorioangiomas described in literature are angiomatous, cellular and degenerate. She was vitally stable with blood pressure 120/70mmHg, pulse 80 beats/minute, and respiratory rate 18 breaths/ minute. Placental examination revealed the same hypoechoic mass with the same measurements On examination she was in active labour with cervical dilatation of 3 cm and bulging membranes. A stump of cord is attached to the fetal surface of the placenta.The membranes appear unremarkable .The cut section of the placental disc appears unremarkable. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of placental chorioangioma in this case (Figure 3)
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