Abstract
Insulating nanocomposite – metal granules in the rubbery polymer matrix of a low bulk compression modulus K – is a medium with the giant piezoresistivity: its conductivity σ ( P ) depends rather strongly on the pressure P . It is the consequence of the exponentially strong dependence of the tunnel electron intergrain transition probability on the distance between granules. Optimal systems are those with granules of the diameter ∼ 10 nm whose volume fraction equals 0.25–0.3. In that case one could expect the piezoresistive gauge factor G = [ Δ σ ( P ) / σ ( 0 ) ] ( K / P ) would be strongly nonlinear function of the pressure P and G ∼ 1 0 5 at P ≈ 0.8 K , in comparison to G ∼ 1 0 2 for typical bulk materials.
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