Abstract
BackgroundIntrascrotal embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma in adults is a rare tumor with high aggression and a poor prognosis. We report our patient’s case and review the relevant literature to improve the understanding of this rare disease.Case presentationA 21-year-old Han Chinese man presented to our hospital with a right intrascrotal mass of 1 year’s duration. His physical examination revealed an enlarged right scrotum containing a huge tender mass measuring about 10 × 7 cm. Ordinary and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography showed a solid mass in the right scrotum, which was suspected to be a malignant tumor. An abdominopelvic computed tomographic scan revealed metastases in the retroperitoneal lymph nodes. The patient was diagnosed with malignant testicular tumor and underwent a right radical orchiectomy by an inguinal approach. Postoperative pathological examination suggested an intrascrotal embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.ConclusionsIntrascrotal embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare but highly aggressive tumor. Clinical and imaging manifestations of this tumor are nonspecific, so the definitive diagnosis depends on postoperative pathology and immunohistochemistry. Early suspicion, radical orchiectomy, accurate pathologic diagnosis, and adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy are the keys to optimal prognosis.
Highlights
Intrascrotal embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma in adults is a rare tumor with high aggression and a poor prognosis
Radical orchiectomy, accurate pathologic diagnosis, and adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy are the keys to optimal prognosis
We present the medical history, diagnostic procedure, and treatment of an adult patient with intrascrotal embryonal RMS
Summary
Intrascrotal embryonal RMS is a rare but aggressive tumor, especially in adults, and warrants careful attention for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. The definitive diagnosis of embryonal RMS depends on postoperative pathology, physical examination and imaging tests can establish clinical suspicion and detect metastases. Current treatment for adult patients is based mostly on treatment for children. Suspicion and radical orchiectomy are especially important to achieving an optimal prognosis. Adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy can prolong survival and elevate the survival rate
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