GI manifestations of chronic renal failure

Abstract

Abstract The gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations of chronic renal failure (CRF) can be viewed in 3 categories: (1) GI manifestations that are the consequence of CRF, (2) GI manifestations associated with the treatment of CRF including dialysis and renal transplantation with associated chronic immunosuppression, and (3) GI manifestations of diseases associated with both GI dysfunction as well as CRF. CRF rarely is associated with distinct manifestations of GI dysfunction. The major manifestation is an increased risk for GI bleeding, associated with vascular lesions of the GI tract. The GI consequences of treatment of renal failure including dialysis, transplantation, and immunosuppression may be diverse and protean. Dialysis is associated with an increased risk for viral hepatitis. Immunosuppression is associated with opportunistic infections. In addition, drugs associated with posttransplant immunosuppression predispose to gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and mucosal injury, as well as drug-induced pancreatits and hepatitis. Finally, numerous multisystem diseases may be etiologic for both GI and hepatic dysfunction as well as CRF. These disorders include diabetes, arteriosclerotic vascular disease, collagen vascular diseases, and autoimmune diseases. Copyright 2002, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.