Abstract
endobiliary RFA can completely obviate the need for an SEMS. Until now, photodynamic therapy was the only evidencebased endoscopic treatment other than stenting that improved the quality of life and survival of such patients.5 Endobiliary RFA adds to the endoscopic armamentarium for the treatment of these subjects. However, further randomized controlled trials are needed to establish improved SEMS patency, cost-effectiveness, and survival advantages, if any. In conclusion, endobiliary RFA seems to be a userfriendly and effective palliative treatment modality for paFigure 4. Cholangiogram obtained 2 weeks after the use of endoscopic RFA.
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