Abstract
The aim of this article was to review a possible pathogenic role of ghrelin for bronchial asthma (BA). Ghrelin is a hormone participating in energy metabolism. Ghrelin takes part in embryonic lung growth and modulates inflammation and immunity. Ghrelin level is significantly decreased in patients with BA, especially in those with co-morbid obesity, and could decrease in BA patients after physical exercise. Ghrelin level is also significantly decreased during acute exacerbation of BA compared to stable BA. Ghrelin was shown to be inversely associated with bronchial hyperreactivity; therefore, ghrelin could play a protective role against bronchial hyperreactivity. Ghrelin inhibits synthesis of IgE directly or indirectly acting as a pathogenic link between obesity and allergy. Ghrelin inhibits expression of TNF-α, IL-6 и IL-1β, therefore, it should be considered as anti-inflammatory cytokine. In conclusion, ghrelin signaling pathway in BA was not studied completely. Further investigations could discover new approach to therapy of BA with this hormone including patients with BA and co-morbid obesity.
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