Ghirlanda–Guerra identities and ultrametricity: An elementary proof in the discrete case

Abstract

In this Note we give another proof of the fact that a random overlap array, which satisfies the Ghirlanda–Guerra identities and whose elements take values in a finite set, is ultrametric with probability one. The new proof bypasses random change of density invariance principles for directing measures of such arrays and, in addition to the Dovbysh–Sudakov representation, is based only on elementary algebraic consequences of the Ghirlanda–Guerra identities.