Abstract
Geological mapping in Greenland is generally greatly helped by the use of vertical aerial photographs. Bedrock surfaces are normally well exposed, vegetation is sparse in most parts of the country and glacial deposits can be scattered or completely washed away. Consequently, geological features such as bedding, stratigraphical boundaries and large-scale structures are commonly visible on aerial photographs. Since its establishment in 1946 as an independent institution, the Geological Survey of Greenland (GGU) has made extensive use of aerial photographs during mapping campaigns, and photogeological interpretation has played an important role in Copenhagen during map compilation.
Highlights
Geological mapping in Greenland is generally greatly helped by the use of vertical aerial photographs
Since its establishment in 1946 as an independent institution, the Geological Survey of Greenland (GGU) has made extensive use of aerial photographs during mapping campaigns, and photogeological interpretation has played an important role in Copenhagen during map compilationo
In Copenhagen, these annotated photographs are further interpreted; important stratigraphic boundaries may be extrapolated into areas lacking field observations, and structures can often be e1ucidated taking advantage of the three-dimensional view offered by the stereoscope
Summary
Many GGU geologists commonly use aerial photographs as base maps onto which field stations and geological information are plotted directly. Pocket stereoscopes or table-mounted mirror stereoscopes were used for interpretation purposes, but they offered Iimited and inaccurate possibilities for measuring geological parameters such as bed position or thicknesso Transference of resuIts to a topographic map was done manually by visual comparison or by using a sketchmaster instrument making it possibIe optically to superimpose the photographic image onto the map. The cost and manpower involved in producing more accurate topographic base maps was examinedo In co-operation with the Institute of Surveying and Photogrammetry, Technical University of Denmark, several pilot projects were initiated (Dueholm, 1976, 1979; Dueholm et al, 1977; Dawes, 1977, 1979, 1987; Jepsen & Dueholm, 1978) and based on the experience gathered it was concluded in 1977 that GGU should establish a laboratory for geologicaIly applied photogrammetry.
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