GGEbiplot Analysis of Wheat Cultivars Evaluated in a Multi-Environment Trial

Abstract

Effective breeding relies on a good understanding of genotype by environment interaction (GEI). Six cultivars of wheat were evaluated at four locations. The ANOVA indicated a significant GEI, which was taken into consideration using the GGEbiplot software.In this paper, we apply and discuss a biplot approach that facilitates visual genotype (G) + GEI = GGE analysis, determines the best cultivar for each environment and determines discriminating ability and representativeness of test environments. The first two principal components (PC1 and PC2), used to create a two dimensional GGEbiplot, explained 83.5 and 13.9% of GGE sum of squares, respectively. Cultivars ‘Acsad-65’ performed best at Jubaiha and Gwair, ‘H-nawawi’ at Maru, and ‘Om-quais’ at Ramtha. ‘Acsad-65’ was an ideal cultivar (in mean performance and stability) and Jubaiha was an ideal environment (in representativeness and discriminating ability). No single cultivar could be recommended for all test environments; rather, specific superior cultiva...