GGE biplot analysis of genotype by environment interaction and grain yield stability of oat (Avena sativa L.) in Ethiopia

Abstract

AbstractA total of 24 oat genotypes were evaluated across 9 environments using a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. The combined analysis of variance indicated that grain yield was significantly affected by genotype, environment, and genotype by environment interaction (GEI). The environment's main effect explained 44.62% of the total variation, whereas the genotype and GEI captured 28.84% and 26.54%, respectively. The genotype plus genotype by environment (GGE) biplot of the first two principal components also explained (PC1 = 68.46%) and (PC2 = 11.84%) of the GEI sum of squares. G8 (SRCPX80Ab2267), G17 (SRCPX80Ab2310), G5 (Sorataf), G14 (Was), G19 (Bonsa), G22 (SRCPX80Ab2691), G12 (SRCPX80Ab2291), G11 (SRCPX80Ab2806), G4 (CI‐8251), and G16 (Jassari), which were located at the left side of the PC1, showed better grain yield performance. The smaller PC1 values were observed for G19, G14, G8, G11, G12, G17, and G22 showing better grain yield stability. The ideal genotype located at the center of the concentric circles was G19, whereas the desirable genotypes were G14, G8, G11, G12, G17, and G22. The polygon view of the GGE biplot showed that the first mega‐environment contains environment E3 (Ginchi) with G16, whereas the second mega‐environment contains environments E7 (Bekoji) and E8 (Kuyu) with G12 being the winning genotypes. The vertices of the fourth mega‐environments (E6—Kulumsa) were G8 and G17, whereas the remaining environments grouped in the third mega‐environment without vertex genotype. Furthermore, E2 (Ada‐Berga) was an ideal test environment, whereas E5 (D/Zeit), E1 (Holetta), and E4 (Jeldu) were identified as favorable environments. Regarding the mean grain yield and stability, G19, G14, G8, G11, G12, G17, and G22 were the best genotypes that can be considered adapted genotypes to wider environments.