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Abstract
This paper focuses on municipal water services in France, an empirical setting which exhibits a mix of public and private provision and a large number of privatizations and remunicipalizations. Collecting data from 1998 until 2014, we first conclude that there is indeed a remunicipalization trend. If the number of remunicipalization cases is not exceeding so much the number of privatization cases on this period, the population concerned by remunicipalizations is exceeding by far the one concerned by privatizations. In order to understand this trend, we examined the performance differential between public and private water provision ceteris paribus. The results show that public management tends to over perform as far as price is concerned while private management is associated with better network performance. The results show a trade-off between prices and investments on the network: lower levels of leakage ratios justify higher prices in private provision. Our results suggest that there are no clear performance gains justifying the observed remunicipalization trend. Other explanations not investigated in the paper (e.g. Political considerations) might also play a role.
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