Gestational Tissue-Derived Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Use Distinct Combinations of Bioactive Molecules to Suppress the Proliferation of Human Hepatoblastoma and Colorectal Cancer Cells.

Nitchapon Paiboon,Sittiruk Roytrakul,Pakpoom Kheolamai,Chairat Tantrawatpan,Sirikul Manochantr,Duangrat Tantikanlayaporn,Witchayaporn Kamprom

doi:10.1155/2019/9748795

Abstract

Background Cancer has been considered a serious global health problem and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite recent advances in cancer therapy, treatments of advance stage cancers are mostly ineffective resulting in poor survival of patients. Recent evidences suggest that multipotent human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) play important roles in growth and metastasis of several cancers by enhancing their engraftment and inducing tumor neovascularization. However, the effect of hMSCs on cancer cells is still controversial because there are also evidences demonstrating that hMSCs inhibited growth and metastasis of some cancers. Methods In this study, we investigated the effects of bioactive molecules released from bone marrow and gestational tissue-derived hMSCs on the proliferation of various human cancer cells, including C3A, HT29, A549, Saos-2, and U251. We also characterized the hMSC-derived factors that inhibit cancer cell proliferation by protein fractionation and mass spectrometry analysis. Results We herein make a direct comparison and show that the effects of hMSCs on cancer cell proliferation and migration depend on both hMSC sources and cancer cell types and cancer-derived bioactive molecules did not affect the cancer suppressive capacity of hMSCs. Moreover, hMSCs use distinct combination of bioactive molecules to suppress the proliferation of human hepatoblastoma and colorectal cancer cells. Using protein fractionation and mass spectrometry analysis, we have identified several novel hMSC-derived factors that might be able to suppress cancer cell proliferation. Conclusion We believe that the procedure developed in this study could be used to discover other therapeutically useful molecules released by various hMSC sources for a future in vivo study.

Highlights

Cancer has been considered a serious global health problem and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Despite recent advances in cancer therapy, treatments of advance stage cancers are mostly ineffective resulting in poor survival of patients
The present study showed that the effects of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs)-derived bioactive molecules on cancer cell proliferation depend on both hMSC sources and cancer cell types
We report that the effects of hMSCs on cancer cell proliferation depend on both hMSC sources and cancer cell types

Summary

Introduction

Cancer has been considered a serious global health problem and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Despite recent advances in cancer therapy, treatments of advance stage cancers are mostly ineffective resulting in poor survival of patients. Recent evidences suggest that multipotent human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) play important roles in growth and metastasis of several cancers by enhancing their engraftment and inducing tumor neovascularization. Some studies demonstrate that MSCs could migrate from circulation into cancer tissues and become cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and pericytes Those MSC-derived CAFs and pericytes released several proangiogenic factors that induce tumor neovascularization leading to the rapid tumor growth and metastasis [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16]. The immunomodulatory property of MSCs is believed to promote tumor growth by reducing immune reaction against tumor cells [17]

Results

Discussion

Conclusion