Gestasyonel Diyabetes Mellitus Hastalarında Doğum Sonrası Tip 2 Diyabet Sıklığı

Abstract

Aim: This study aims to examine the frequency of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in the postpartum period and its relationship with other risk factors. Materials and Methods: Patients who were diagnosed, followed up and treated for gestational diabetes in Malatya Turgut Özal University, Malatya Training and Research Hospital Endocrinology outpatient clinic and who underwent Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) in the postpartum period were included. Results: In our retrospective study, 157 patients were included. The mean age was 31.8±5.6 years. After being followed up with her follow-up and treatment throughout the pregnancy, OGTT administered with 75 grams of glucose was performed at the postpartum 8th week. Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) was detected in 23 patients (14.64%), impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in 18 patients (11.46%), and type 2 DM in 17 patients (10.8%). When evaluated in terms of the presence of DM in the postpartum period, no difference was found regarding the history of gestational DM in the anamnesis (p=0.305) and the presence or absence of family history (p=0.095). In terms of the presence of DM, there was a significant difference between the patients receiving insulin therapy and those receiving diet therapy (p=0.001). Conclusion: We can say that type 2 DM development in the postpartum period is associated with high maternal age and an increase in body mass index (BMI). Being pregnant with the ideal weight to be achieved by lifestyle changes may decrease the risk of type 2 DM and diabetes-related complications in the long term.