Abstract
To describe the anthropometric and pregnancy characteristics of women with HIV/AIDS, assisted by the Brazilian National Health System and the birth weight of their newborns. The participants were women assisted at public STD/AIDS clinics of the Municipal Health system of São Paulo. The anthropometric characteristics were evaluated by trained nutritionists and other information was obtained from the medical records. For comparison of the survey data to those of the general population, secondary maternal and pregnancy data were obtained from live birth certificates through the Live Birth Information System. Continuous variables were summarized as mean and standard deviation or as the 25th, 50th and 75th percentiles and minimum and maximum values. The other variables are presented as percentages. Means were compared by the Student's t-test or Kruskal-Wallis test depending on the fulfillment of assumptions, with the decision based on the p value. We found the presence of inadequate maternal nutrition according to triceps skinfold (60.9%). The BMI/gestational age showed the presence of underweight (18.5%) and overweight or obesity (40%). There was no association between disease status (HIV or AIDS) and weight, height, and lean or fat mass. Mean newborn birth weight was lower than the value for the general population without infection or disease. The results of this study indicate the need to develop adapted curves to allow a more accurate nutritional assessment of this population group.
Highlights
To describe the anthropometric and pregnancy characteristics of women with HIV/AIDS, assisted by the Brazilian National Health System and the birth weight of their newborns
O tempo de infecção foi calculado pela diferença entre a data da entrevista e a do primeiro resultado de sorologia positiva para o HIV e apresentado segundo situação – HIV ou AIDS
Incluídas no grupo de estudo, 35 (54%) eram HIV+ e 30 (46%) apresentavam AIDS
Summary
OBJETIVO: Descrever características antropométricas e da gestação de mulheres com HIV/AIDS, usuárias do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e o peso de seus recém-nascidos. A avaliação antropométrica foi realizada por nutricionistas treinadas e as demais informações foram obtidas em prontuários. Para a comparação entre os dados do estudo e os da população geral, foram utilizados dados secundários da mãe e da gestação oriundos das Declarações de Nascidos Vivos, disponíveis no Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos. As variáveis contínuas foram resumidas por meio da média e desvio padrão ou pelos percentis 25, 50 e 75, valores mínimo e máximo. As médias foram comparadas por meio dos testes t Student ou Kruskall-Wallis, a depender do cumprimento das pressuposições, com decisão baseada no valor de p. Para filhos de mães com HIV/AIDS, observou-se peso médio ao nascer menor ao da população sem esta condição. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados do presente estudo indicam a necessidade de desenvolvimento de curvas adaptadas que permitam a avaliação nutricional mais acurada deste grupo populacional
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