Germination of palm seeds under periods of rehydration

Kássia Barros Ferreira,Antonio Maricélio Borges De Souza,Kathia Fernandes Lopes Pivetta,Ana Carolina Corrêa Muniz

doi:10.1590/2447-536x.v27i4.2303

Kássia Barros Ferreira, Antonio Maricélio Borges De Souza + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536x.v27i4.2303

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Abstract

Abstract Palm seeds are indicative of being recalcitrant species. Seeds germination for many species, is slow and uneven, even in favorable conditions, often due to the resistance of the woody endocarp that makes them impermeable to water. Most species also have the characteristic of not tolerating the drying process at low moisture levels, thus losing their viability. In view of these considerations, the objective was to evaluate the effect of different periods of rehydration on the germinative process of seeds of royal palm, dwarf palm and jeriva. Seeds were homogenized and immersed in water containing 3 times their volume, with daily replacement. The experimental design used was completely randomized, with 5 treatments (0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 days of rehydration), with 4 replications of 25 seeds. The seeds were placed in transparent “gerbox” plastic boxes containing medium vermiculite as substrate and placed in BOD with a photoperiod of 16-hour of light and their respective optimum temperatures for each species. The number of germinated seeds was counted every 2 days until germination stabilized. The variables analyzed were germination percentage, germination speed index (GSI), average germination time (AGT) and distribution of germination over the days. Rehydration for 3 days increased the germination rate of royal palm seeds. For dwarf and jeriva species, rehydration did not influence the analyzed variables. The GSI and AGT were negatively influenced by the rehydration periods for royal palm. Rehydration prolonged the peak of germination of the studied species.

Highlights

The germination speed index (GSI) and average germination time (AGT) were negatively influenced by the rehydration periods for royal palm
The Arecaceae family comprises a group of plants that are of great importance in landscaping and forestry, in addition to social importance because some species produce coconuts, dates, palm hearts, oil, wax, fibers and material for housing construction (Yawanawá et al, 2019), representing one of the families of greatest importance to man and indigenous communities (Lima et al, 2019)
Phoenix roebelenii (O’Brien), known as dwarf date palm, is a species originating in the northern regions of Laos and Vietnam

Summary

Introduction

The Arecaceae family comprises a group of plants that are of great importance in landscaping and forestry, in addition to social importance because some species produce coconuts, dates, palm hearts, oil, wax, fibers and material for housing construction (Yawanawá et al, 2019), representing one of the families of greatest importance to man and indigenous communities (Lima et al, 2019) They have mainly tropical distribution, from humid regions, with about 2,500 to 3,500 species described, of which about 270 are endemic to Brazil (Souza et al, 2018). Due to its wide adaptation to different environments, it is widely used in vases, gardens and in general landscaping (Prakash et al, 2019) It is a small species, reaching about 2 to 4 meters in height, easy to grow, its seeds are sensitive to excessive dehydration, causing embryo wrinkling and a low percentage of germination (Iossi et al, 2003)

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