Germination and Plantlet Regeneration of Encapsulated Microshoots of Aromatic Rice (Oryza sativaL. Cv. MRQ 74)

Rosna Mat Taha,Azani Saleh,Noraini Mahmad,Sadegh Mohajer,Nor Azlina Hasbullah

doi:10.1100/2012/578020

Rosna Mat Taha, Azani Saleh + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.1100/2012/578020

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Abstract

Plant tissues such as somatic embryos, apical shoot tips, axillary shoot buds, embryogenic calli, and protocom-like bodies are potential micropropagules that have been considered for creating synthetic seeds. In the present study, 3–5 mm microshoots of Oryza sativa L. Cv. MRQ 74 were used as explant sources for obtaining synthetic seeds. Microshoots were induced from stem explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/L benzylaminopurine (BAP). They were encapsulated in 3% (w/v) sodium alginate, 3% sucrose, 0.1 mg/L BAP, and 0.1 mg/L α-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Germination and plantlet regeneration of the encapsulated seeds were tested by culturing them on various germination media. The effect of storage period (15–30 days) was also investigated. The maximum germination and plantlet regeneration (100.0%) were recorded on MS media containing 3% sucrose and 0.8% agar with and without 0.1 mg/L BAP. However, a low germination rate (6.67%) was obtained using top soil as a sowing substrate. The germination rate of the encapsulated microshoots decreased from 93.33% to 3.33% after 30 days of storage at 4°C in the dark. Therefore, further research is being done to improve the germination rate of the synthetic seeds.

Highlights

Rice is the most important food crop for a large proportion of the word’s human population especially in East, South, Southeast Asia, the Middle East, Latin America, and the West Indies
MRQ 74) was Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L BAP + 0.1 mg/L Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (Data not shown)
The highest germination rate (100%) was recorded on MS basal medium (MSO), MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L BAP, tap water + 0.8% agar, top soil + tap water, and top soil + 1/2 strength MS + 3% sucrose (Table 2)

Summary

Introduction

Rice is the most important food crop for a large proportion of the word’s human population especially in East, South, Southeast Asia, the Middle East, Latin America, and the West Indies. In 2008, international rice price rose greatly due to general upward trend in grain prices caused by droughts, increased use of grains animal feed, and so forth, has led to worldwide food crisis. This caused the domestic rice price in Malaysia increase almost double. The use of unipolar axillary shoot buds and apical shoot tips in creating the synthetic seeds have been reported in many plants species such as Actinidia deliciosa, Brassica campestris, Malus pumila Mill, Zingerber officinale Rose, and Syringa vulgaris L. Axillary shoot buds and apical shoot tips are suitable for encapsulation studies of artificial seeds as they possess great potential for plant development from preexisting meristematic tissue. In the present study, different encapsulation matrix and efficacy in the plantlet regeneration of encapsulated microshoots of

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