Abstract
BACKGROUND: This study was designed to determine the effects of PVI-guided monitoring on the optimal intravascular volume replacement during hip and knee arthroplasty in geriatric patients, and whether using PVI could reduce blood transfusion and vasopressor requirements.
 METHODS: One-hundred geriatric patients who underwent elective hip and knee arthroplasty were included, assigned to either PVI group (volume replacement was PVI guided) or to a control group (volume replacement was based on traditional methods). Perioperative hemodynamic parameters, infusion rate of crystalloids, colloids, blood/blood products, ephedrine hydrochloride requirements and perioperative urine outputs were recorded. 
 RESULTS: Crystalloid infusion rate was higher (9.5 vs. 6.8 ml/kg/h, p
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