Geriatric Motor Vehicle Collision Survival: The Role of Institutional Trauma Volume

Abstract

Links between trauma center volumes and outcomes have been inconsistent in previous studies. This study examines the role of institutional trauma volume parameters in geriatric motor vehicle collision (MVC) survival. The New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative Systems database was analyzed for all trauma admissions to state-designated Level I and II trauma centers from 1996 to 2003. For each center, the volume of patients was calculated in each of the following four categories: Young adult (age, 17-64 years) MVC and non-MVC, and geriatric (65 years and older) MVC and non-MVC. Logistic regression analysis was used to predict patient survival to hospital discharge based on the four volume parameters of the center at which they were treated, age, gender, ICISS, year of admission, and type of center. Five thousand three hundred sixty-five geriatric MVC victims were admitted to Level I (n = 3,541) or II (n = 1,824) centers in New York State excluding New York City. Four thousand eight hundred ninety-eight (91%) patients were discharged alive. Volume of geriatric MVC at the center at which the patient was treated was an independent significant predictor of survival (odds ratio, 32.6; 95% confidence interval, 2.8-377.0; p = 0.005) as were younger age, female gender, increased ICISS, and later year of discharge. Young adult non-MVC volume was an independent significant predictor of nonsurvival of geriatric patients (odds ratio, 0.8; 95% confidence interval, 0.64-0.99; p = 0.042). Type of center was unrelated to outcome. There may be a risk-adjusted survival advantage for geriatric MVC patients treated at trauma centers with relatively higher volumes of geriatric MVC trauma and lower volumes of young adult non-MVC trauma. These results support consideration of age in trauma center transfer criteria.