Geotechnical monitoring during reconstruction of the Poshtova Square in Kyiv

Abstract

In recent years, there has been a sharp increase in public and scientific attention to environmental monitoring. This is due to the increase of man-made load on the environment and, first and foremost, the geological environment, as well as the need for new, higher organizational and technical level to solve the problems related to its changes. Recent monitoring data indicate a tendency to intensify this negative natural-technogenic process on a spatial-temporal scale and increase, first of all, the areas of flooding, as well as subsidence, landslides and other dangerous phenomena. Accordingly, during the operation of buildings, under the influence of the above factors, the corresponding new stress-strain state of the system base-foundation-upper structure changes and forms. In many cases, this leads to damage to building structures, emergencies and a significant decrease in the reliability of buildings. Today in Ukraine 10 962 dwellings are in a state of disrepair. The example of geotechnical monitoring in the town Kyiv is presented in the article. The specially developed monitoring program included: geodetic control of deformations of buildings of the surrounding building and structures of the reconstructed building; systematic observation of deformations of structures in the process of excavation of the pit and construction, with the installation of inclinometric sensors, deformation beacons and geodetic marks; observation of groundwater level fluctuations during construction; observation of the state of deformation beacons installed on the cracks of buildings of surrounding buildings; engineering-geological monitoring to ensure confirmation of the physical and mechanical characteristics of the soil of the bearing (support) layer of pile foundations and piles of reinforcement. Geotechnical monitoring made it possible to preserve the existing historical buildings in the area of influence of the geotechnical works on the Poshtova Square reconstruction in Kiev, to eliminate the risk of emergencies.