Abstract
ABSTRACT The stability or safety of a levee during flooding depends on both the temporal development of the amplitude of the hydraulic loads in surface water and ground water and the change of soil parameters within the levee and subsoil. Therefore, a levee monitoring system should record the temporal development of the hydraulic loads of surface water and the resulting variations of water flow within the levee and subsoil. Long-term monitoring has been performed at a levee of Red River in Thai Binh province in Vietnam. The monitoring system consists of a permanent electrode array for resistivity imaging and geotechnical tools including tensiometers, frequency-domain reflectometry sensors and an observation well. The components were installed after a detailed inspection of the levee and foundation by drilling, sampling, and a geoelectrical survey. The levee monitoring system provided time series of the sensor data that were related to the variation of pore water pressure and water distribution. Additional...
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