Abstract
Uobičajena pravila na morskim i oceanskim prostorima ustanovljena su u prošlosti u namjeri provedbe dvaju načela: otvorenosti mora (Mare Liberum, slobodno more), i unutarnje pripadnosti voda (Mare Clausum, zatvoreno more). Od 1945. do 1982., politička geografija mora, počela se baviti sve češćom pojavom zauzimanja otvorenog mora. Kao proizvod konvencije iz Montego Bay-a, u novo Pomorsko pravo ugrađeno je načelo zone od 200 milja. Forsiranjem ovog načela unutar Sredozemlja, njegov morski prostor bi se pretvorio u zonu bez otvorenih (slobodnih) voda. Danas se Sredozemlje suočava s narastajućom militarizacijom. Smije li Mare Nostrum postati Mare Clausum?
Highlights
The usual rules of maritime and oceanic spaces were stated during the course of years in order to lead to two practices: open waters (Mare Liberum) and closed waters (Mare Clausum)
Ključne riječi: pomorsko pravo, ekskluzivna ekonomska zona (EEZ), zona 200 milja, otvoreno more, morske granice, politička geografija mora, Sredozemni bazen. Those who go down to the sea in ships, Who do business in great waters; They see the works of Yahveh And his wonders in the high sea
In the late eighteenth century, the British backed out the theory of Mare Clausum which did not suit their colonial expansionism and was detrimental to their merchant fleet
Summary
The usual rules of maritime and oceanic spaces were stated during the course of years in order to lead to two practices: open waters (Mare Liberum) and closed waters (Mare Clausum). Towards 1750, the Italian diplomat Fernando Galiani proposed to generalize the 3 mile limit as standard width of territorial waters and this principle, codified by the Conference of The Hague in 1930, lasted until the end of the Second World War. in the late eighteenth century, the British backed out the theory of Mare Clausum which did not suit their colonial expansionism and was detrimental to their merchant fleet.
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