Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to explore the nature and characteristics of Sino-Russian relations since 1640 where diplomatic and commercial relations were established in the far east of Siberia. A historic background will be given, in order to highlight the real reasons behind this good relation that is turning into an alliance. The paper will shed the light on important events and dates that occurred in this relation, such as the year 1858, which had disputes on the border. The author shows that the relations between China and Russia have been faced with twists and turns since its beginnings because of geographical, cultural, historical and political interdependence. This paper analyses the relationship between Russia and China in the light of international political changes as the world enters a new stage of international order, especially after the decline of US influence and China's announcement of its One Belt One Road initiative (OBOR) and its political, cultural and economic openness to the world.
Highlights
Historical experience shows that neighboring countries that share common borders in most cases do not have friendly relations, especially if they are militarily strong and aspire to become regional or international powers
Beijing increased its economic cooperation with Moscow, recognizing an opportunity for economic growth and started a military partnership with Russia. Russia agreed to this partnership because of the necessity to re-build its wrecked economy, seeing China as a long-term future partner. Reciprocating the aid it received from the Soviet Union in the past, China pledged its support to Russia, which heralded a new period in the history of the Sino-Russian relations, that of economic, military and diplomatic cooperation, neighborly relations and mutually beneficial alliance to counter the western policies
Russian exports to China increased by 33 percent, Russian imports from China increased by 42.3 percent, and Russia's negative trade with China reached $13.5 billion
Summary
Historical experience shows that neighboring countries that share common borders in most cases do not have friendly relations, especially if they are militarily strong and aspire to become regional or international powers. The Arabs demand that Israel should withdraw its military forces, while Israel is trying to convince the international community that the danger is coming from the Arabs and that they pose a threat to its national security Another example is a number of international conflicts related to the status of Kurdistan. After certain critical global developments, such as the fall of the Soviet Union, China's economic rise, and the United States turning into a leading superpower, Beijing set a course for establishing a closer rapport with Moscow. These days, the Sino-Russian convergence keeps growing, and the two countries have formed a strategic alliance, after China launched its One Belt One Road initiative. The author refers to various historical documents, government sources and other materials, such as interviews, books and opinion articles
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