Abstract
Groundwater mapping in Denmark has high priority. It was initiated in the 1990s when the pressure on groundwater resources increased due to urban development and pollution from industrial and agricultural sources. In some areas, the groundwater mapping included survey drillings, modelling based on existing knowledge and geophysical mapping with newly developed methods that made area coverage on a large scale possible. The groundwater mapping that included development of new geophysical methods showed promising results, and led to an ambitious plan to significantly intensify the hydrogeological mapping in order to improve the protection of the Danish groundwater resources. In 1999 the Danish Government initiated the National Groundwater Mapping Programme with the objective to obtain a detailed description of the aquifers with respect to localisation, extension, distribution and interconnection as well as their vulnerability to pollution (Thomsen et al. 2004). This mapping programme covers around 40% of the area of Denmark designated as particularly valuable water abstraction areas. Water consumers finance the mapping programme by paying 0.04 € per cubic metre of consumed water. At the end of the programme in 2015, the total cost is estimated to be about 250 000 000 € with a significant part spent on geophysical mapping.
Highlights
Groundwater mapping in Denmark has high priority
Geophysical methods used in the hydrogeological mapping
The reflection seismic method has been used successfully to map Palaeogene and Neogene sediments in the western part of Denmark (Rasmussen et al 2007), where thick and extensive layers of sandy deposits constituting important aquifers are bounded by thinner layers of clayey deposits, and to map faults in Danian and Cretaceous limestone in the eastern part of Denmark
Summary
Groundwater mapping in Denmark has high priority It was initiated in the 1990s when the pressure on groundwater resources increased due to urban development and pollution from industrial and agricultural sources. The groundwater mapping included survey drillings, modelling based on existing knowledge and geophysical mapping with newly developed methods that made area coverage on a large scale possible. The groundwater mapping that included development of new geophysical methods showed promising results, and led to an ambitious plan to significantly intensify the hydrogeological mapping in order to improve the protection of the Danish groundwater resources. Ministry of Environment, but most of the practical work is carried out by private consulting companies, and involves the use of geophysical survey methods, survey drillings, well logging, water sampling and hydrological mapping, as well as geological and groundwater modelling. In major parts of the valuable water abstraction areas, it is important to obtain spatially dense geophysical data covering large continuous areas
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