Abstract
An effort has been made to evaluate drainage morphometry and its influence on landform processes, geology and erosion characteristics in Jordan Valle y and surrounding area. Geological maps 1:50,000 scale and the professional Google Earth images were used for analysis of various morphometric, lithological and landform characteristics of Jordan Valley basin. Mo rphometric analysis was carried out at sub basin le vel using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Globel Mapper (GM) to analyze the influence of drainage morphometry on landforms, drainage pattern and land erosion. Different landforms were recognized in th e basin based on visual exposition of 3D Digital Elev ation Model (DEM) that obtained from the thousands of points of the elevations by using GIS and GM, escar pments, plateau spurs, narrow wadies “vallies” and main wadies floor, foot slopes. The sub basins that take number 2, 5 and 6 are associated with high de nsity dentritic drainage pattern because of impermeable f ormation and high slope then high surface runoff an d high erosion. The sub basins number 1, 3, 4 are ass ociated to a low density dentritic drainage pattern due to the topography of the area that is flat shape and t he formation is impermeable. A1, A2 and A3 are a tr ellis drainage pattern with high density because of the m oderate slope and high fracturing formation.
Highlights
Erosion of soil and the underlying regolith is an example of a natural process that can be strongly accelerated by land use-human being activities and climate changes
Different landforms were recognized in the basin based on visual exposition of 3D Digital Elevation Model (DEM) that obtained from the thousands of points of the elevations by using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Globel Mapper (GM), escarpments, plateau spurs, narrow wadies “vallies” and main wadies floor, foot slopes
This software was used to create a mosaic map of eight geological map sheets of scale 1:50,000 as shown in Fig. 2 and was used for delineate the drainage pattern of the study area in cooperation with satellite images that were gotten from the Google Earth 2012
Summary
Erosion of soil and the underlying regolith is an example of a natural process that can be strongly accelerated by land use-human being activities and climate changes. Drainages erode their beds in three ways. The first one is the difference of the topography, the second way is the scrape and the third one is the solution. Streams can change from one season to the other depending on the precipitation and the difference on the temperature. It’s very useful to describe the aspects of the stream and its variables. The stream variables including velocity, slope or gradient, the shape of the drainage and densities and streams discharge. The remote sensing and GIS techniques were used by (Vijayan et al, 2013) for determining the quantitative description of the basin geometry
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