Abstract
We consider a geometric optimization problem of distributed multi-input multi-output (MIMO) radar systems with widely separated radar nodes in this article. The aim is to maximize the radar surveillance performance in a given area of interest by adjusting the node positions, while satisfying practical spatial distance constraints among radar nodes. Typical constraints can be, for example, the maximum distance constraints between nodes and fusion centers (FCs) due to limited communication and the minimum distance constraints to ensure a better system spatial diversity. To achieve this goal, we first derive an analytical expression for a weighted coverage ratio (WCR) metric to evaluate the system surveillance performance. Then, using the WCR metric as the objective function, we formulate a spatial constrained geometric optimization problem for three typical MIMO radar system architectures, each of which has a unique expression of distance constraints. However, the formulated optimization problem is computationally intractable for practical scenarios due to its high dimensionality, non-convexity and especially the complex spatial constraints. To solve this problem, we propose an enhanced particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, and different from the standard PSO, the particles of the proposed enhanced PSO can properly consider the distance constraints within themselves during swarm optimization process. Finally, various numerical studies show that the proposed method can effectively maximize the surveillance performance while satisfying the complex distance constraints.
Highlights
Motivated by the recent advances in multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) wireless communications [1], [2], MIMO radars continue to arouse the attention of the international radar community
To reduce the computational burden and satisfy the distance constraints, we propose a novel and widely applicable node placement algorithm based on particle swarm optimization (PSO)
For an intuitive analysis and meaningful conclusions, as a specific case of distributed MIMO radar systems with M transmitters and N receivers, radar systems with Ns dispersed nodes are studied and each node is equipped with a single antenna which can transmit and receive electromagnetic wave
Summary
Motivated by the recent advances in multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) wireless communications [1], [2], MIMO radars continue to arouse the attention of the international radar community. In [18], a radar node deployment problem aiming at improving the system detection performance in an entire surveillance area was studied, and a sequentially exhaustive enumeration method was proposed by discretizing the radar deployment area into multiple small grids It is computationally intractable in practical scenarios where a few radar nodes exist. We establish an optimization problem of radar node placement, and aim to enhance the system surveillance performance by optimizing the node positions while satisfying practical spatial distance constraints. Combining the proposed ISC-PSO algorithm and the established optimization condition according to the practical application scenario, we formulate a radar node placement algorithm This algorithm satisfies all the distance constraints and meets requirements of the surveillance performance.
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