Geometric conjecture about phase transitions.

Abstract

As phenomena that necessarily emerge from the collective behavior of interacting particles, phase transitions continue to be difficult to predict using statistical thermodynamics. A recent proposal called the topological hypothesis suggests that the existence of a phase transition could perhaps be inferred from changes to the topology of the accessible part of the configuration space. This paper instead suggests that such a topological change is often associated with a dramatic change in the configuration space geometry, and that the geometric change is the actual driver of the phase transition. More precisely, a geometric change that brings about a discontinuity in the mixing time required for an initial probability distribution on the configuration space to reach the steady state is conjectured to be related to the onset of a phase transition in the thermodynamic limit. This conjecture is tested by evaluating the diffusion diameter and ε-mixing time of the configuration spaces of hard-disk and hard-sphere systems of increasing size. Explicit geometries are constructed for the configuration spaces of these systems and numerical evidence suggests that a discontinuity in the ε-mixing time coincides with the solid-fluid phase transition in the thermodynamic limit.