Abstract

ABSTRACT The occurrence and organic geochemistry of six bitumens from two different regions of Nova Scotia are discussed. Five of the samples are from the Lake Ainslie area of western Cape Breton, where oil seeps have been described since 1864. Many wells were drilled in this area from 1869 to present and although most encountered oil shows, no commercial discoveries were made. The oil seeps are either associated with upper Horton Group (Ainslie Formation) or basal Windsor Group (Macumber Formation) sediments. The biomarker distributions of the samples are similar to Stoney Creek oils and their lacustrine carbonate source rock (Albert Shale) of the Moncton Subbasin, New Brunswick. Thus the source rock of the Lake Ainslie bitumens is also interpreted to be a carbonate deposited in a lacustrine setting, probably within the Strathlorne Formation. A bitumen from the Canadian Salt Company Ltd. salt mine at Pugwash on the southern shore of Northumberland Strait was also analyzed. This was a sample of an oil seep that accumulated in one level of the mine within Windsor Group evaporites. The biomarker distributions of this sample are consistent with a source rock deposited under high salinity conditions, suggesting the source rock is an organic-rich interval within the Windsor Group evaporites. RESUME L'occurence et la geochimie organique de six bitumes provenant de deux differentes regions de la Nouvelle-Ecosse font l'objet de cet article. Cinq de ces echantillons proviennent de la region du lac Ainslie situee dans la partie occidentale du Cap Breton ou des suitements de petrole ont ete decrits depuis 1864. Plusieurs puits ont ete fores dans cette region depuis 1869 et meme si la plupart ont presente des indices de petrole, aucune decouverte commerciale n'a ete faite. Les suitements sont associes soit avec le Groupe Horton superieur (Formation Ainslie) soit avec les depots basaux du Groupe Windsor (Formation Macumber). La distribution des marqueurs biologiques provenant des echantillons sont semblables aux huiles de Stoney Creek et a sa roche mere carbonatee lacustre (Shale Albert) du sous-bassin Moncton au Nouveau-Brunswick. Ainsi la roche mere des bitumes du du lac Ainslie est egalement interpretee comme etant un carbonate depose en milieu lacustre et probablement situee dans la Formation Strathlorne. Un bitume provenant d'une mine de sel du Canadian Salt Company Ltd. a Pugwash, sur la rive sud du detroit de Northumberland a egalement ete analyse. Ce bitume est un echantillon de suintement de petrole qui s'est accumule dans les evaporites du Groupe Windsor. La distribution des marqueurs biologiques de cet echantillon sont en accord avec une roche mere deposee dans des conditions hypersalines et suggere ainsi que la roche mere est un intervalle organique riche contenu a l'interieur des evaporites du Groupe Windsor. Traduit par Marie Louise Tomas

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