Abstract

The Pannonian region (the Pannonian or Carpathian Basin and the surrounding mountain ranges) is part of the Mediterranean Mountain System, which was formed during the last plate-tectonic cycle since the latest Paleozoic times. In Europe it is an about 300–800 km wide belt (Neo-Europe) accreted to the previously consolidated parts of Europe (Hercynian/Variscan Europe or Meso-Europe) as a result of the Alpine orogeny caused by convergence of the European (Eurasian) and African Plates. The present-day geological structure of the region is mostly determined by the evolution of the Tethys and Atlantic Ocean systems, i.e. the dismembering of the European and African continental plate margins during the early evolutionary stages and their tectonic deformation and uplifting as consequences of plate and microplate collisions. Plate-tectonic processes led to the formation of the large Pannonian Basin in the Late Cenozoic times. Hungary lies in the central part of the Pannonian Basin that is actually a system of several basins separated by isolated ranges of Palaeozoic and Mesozoic, sedimentary, magmatic and metamorphic formations and Cenozoic sedimentary and igneous rocks.

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