Abstract
Geological and petrographical investigations of the Khumbu area, Nepal, were undertaken to provide basic data for the United Nations University mountain hazards mapping project. Six litho-tectonic units were distinguished by petrographical means: Basal Paragneisses, Migmatitic Orthogneisses, Upper Khumbu Gneiss Complex, Upper Paragneisses, Tertiary Leuco-granites, Everest Meta-Sediments. Investigations of subsurface conditions showed that the topographical relief of the area depends largely on lithology, structures, and the depositional or erosional character of the Late-Cenozoic glaciations. Mass wasting plays a major role in the accumu- lation of debris cover. The valley system has been interpreted as a deep pre-glacial primitive surface, with V-shaped troughs and elevated platforms, which have been overprinted by glaciation. Erosional activity of the river system is occurring at present although most of the landforms are relatively stable.
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