Geoinformation modeling of the spatial distribution of the favourability level of climatic resources over the Sevastopol region for grape growing

Abstract

Viticulture is one of the promising agricultural sectors in the Sevastopol region. In connection with this the goal of the work is a comprehensive analysis of the climatic conditions of the region for the rational distribution of vineyards. Meteorological data (air temperature and precipitation) for the period 1985-2018 and terrain parameters (slope, aspect, altitude) for the Sevastopol region were used. To assess the optimal climatic conditions, the analysis of frost risk, heat supply and water supply (average of absolute minimums of air temperature, growing degree days, Selianinov’s Hydrothermal Coeffi cient, Huglin and Winkler indices) was carried out. The spatial distribution of the listed agroclimatic parameters was modeled using author formulas. Using GIS technologies, maps of the spatial distribution of heat supply and agroclimatic parmeters for the region were obtained. The main part of the territory of the Sevastopol region is located in a zone with a sum of active temperatures of 3500-3900°С. The amount of precipitation during the growing season and the values of the hydrothermal coeffi cient indicate insuffi cient moisture in the region. Most of the region’s territory (72 %) has an average of absolute minimums of air temperature above –14 °C. According to the values of the Huglin index, the main part of the region is in the warm zone (2400-2700 °C), and by the values of the Winkler index – in Region 3 (1667-1944 °C). The heliothermal conditions of the Sevastopol region territory are suffi cient for growing grapes of diff erent groups of varieties and ripening dates. Agroclimatic parameters are characterized by positive trends, which in the future can lead to changes in heat supply and the displacement of terroirs. The territory of the Sevastopol region has favourable agroclimatic conditions, which makes it possible to grow grape varieties from very early to late ripening and placing them on fl at and sloping lands.