Geoinformation and remote methods for assessing snow cover pollution (Kyzyl)

Abstract

The article presents the results of the use of geoinformation systems (GIS) and Earth remote sensing (ERS) in the mapping and analysis of snow pollution in urban areas. The research was carried out on the basis of the generated database. The use of geoinformation systems tools allows to create electronic maps to assess the current ecological state of the territory, and the use of ERS data helps to simplify the assessment of pollution levels. Thematic maps have been constructed in the geoinformation environment: the level of lead pollution (mg/kg) (m2 *day) by year, the density of atmospheric dust deposition on snow cover, and others. The assessment of the snow cover pollution of the ERS was carried out on the basis of images from the LANDSAT catalog of the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. The following indicators were calculated: NDSI — normalized difference index, S3 — normalized index, SCI — pollution index. A significant correlation of the NDSI (or S3) index with the concentrations of Mn, Pb and Zn was revealed. The spatial distribution of the values of these indicators is displayed by the kriging method using the available open modules and scripts of the GEE platform. Maps of the spatial distribution of the main chemical elements of solid snow and meltwater sediment were obtained.