Abstract
This essay examines the actions of Major Mining Projects in the region of Carajas, the state of Para, Northern Brazil, which concentrates the projects of one of the largest mining companies of the Planet, the Vale Group, and the relations of power and authority in land use in the corresponding area to the former city of Maraba. The territories exploited by major mining projects, also increase land use that has not been translated into socio-economic development, and add little value to labor and the product. Another issue is lack of a National Mining Policy that truly establishes the regional supply chains, and conducts the multiplier effects to produce new territorial jurisdictions. Mining contributes to socio-economic development of the Amazon region, especially in the Carajas region and promotes the economic organization of the territories for the consolidation of municipalities in which society in its favor uses natural resources. The main objective of this paper is to present the main impacts caused by mining activities in Para municipalities. Textual elaboration was necessary documentary and bibliographical analysis, in addition to field research in the study area. We can observe, that mining is an important productive activity, but has caused significant changes in Para territory, both in economy and in the environment, and the way of life of local populations.
Highlights
The mining territories explored by Major Mining-metallurgical projects in the Amazon have placed the states more and more linked to the international economy, connecting places like eastern Amazon region, which has great potential in mineral resources in dependence on an economy of extraction, transforming the way of life, How to cite this paper: da Silva, J.M.P., da Silva, C.N., Chagas, C.A.N. and Medeiros, G.R.N. (2014) Geography and Mining in Carajás/Pará (Northern Region of Brazil)
One analyzes the power and authority relationships in land use, where the largest mining projects of the Vale Group in Pará are concentrated in the Carajás Region
In one way or another, the important thing is that one has to rethink the role of mining in Pará and companies such as Vale, that operate within the state, and the multiplier effect that was generated by these projects in the Amazon
Summary
The mining territories explored by Major Mining-metallurgical projects in the Amazon have placed the states more and more linked to the international economy, connecting places like eastern Amazon region, which has great potential in mineral resources in dependence on an economy of extraction, transforming the way of life, How to cite this paper: da Silva, J.M.P., da Silva, C.N., Chagas, C.A.N. and Medeiros, G.R.N. (2014) Geography and Mining in Carajás/Pará (Northern Region of Brazil). The importance of mineral resources is due to the fact that they are connecting to strategic and local level to the international level, because of its economic mineral scope of significant economic value in domestic and international markets such as: iron, bauxite, manganese, gold, nickel, copper among others, explored or to be explored In this context, one of the most important complexes is the mining-metallurgical involving mines in Carajás, of Southeastern Pará. One analyzes the power and authority relationships in land use, where the largest mining projects of the Vale Group in Pará are concentrated in the Carajás Region (the area corresponding to the former city of Marabá) They are perceived by their use, relationships and actions between the Vale Group, public and social actors’ powers that manifest themselves in the economic organization of the territories and consolidation of municipalities, with new territorial jurisdictions in the region in the period from 2004 to 2014. All relationships contributing to the territorial management of the Carajás Region, studied here, are differentiated by degree and the complexity of each social actor develops along the political-economicsocial trajectories in their territories, even when sometimes social actors act in more than one municipality
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