Abstract
Eighty-five Colletotrichum isolates were obtained from soybean croplands in 34 municipalities of Mato Grosso state. Our objectives were characterize the isolates through mycelial growth, cultural and morphological analyses, as well as assessing pathogenicity. To evaluate cultural characteristics, the mycelial growth was daily measured, and the color of colonies was characterized after ten days incubation. The morphology, length, and width of 50 conidia per isolate were assessed. The pathogenicity of twenty-one isolates was evaluated on seed germination rate, incidence, and detection of extracellular enzymes. The cultural and morphology characteristics of Colletotrichum isolates were greatly variable. All isolates studied were able to reduce seed germination, produce sign and proteinase activity. These results suggest there are more than one Colletotrichum species associated with soybean anthracnose in Mato Grosso State.
Highlights
Soybean crop (Glycine Max (L.) Merr.) is one of the most important agricultural commodities, which 358.65 million metric tons produced in 2018/2019
All isolates studied were able to reduce seed germination, produce sign and proteinase activity. These results suggest there are more than one Colletotrichum species associated with soybean anthracnose in Mato Grosso State
Brazil and USA were the largest producers of soybeans (~35 million hectares), with 120 and 117 million metric tons produced in USA and Brazil, respectively
Summary
Soybean crop (Glycine Max (L.) Merr.) is one of the most important agricultural commodities, which 358.65 million metric tons produced in 2018/2019. Brazil and USA were the largest producers of soybeans (~35 million hectares), with 120 and 117 million metric tons produced in USA and Brazil, respectively. Brazil’s 2019/20 soybean production and area are estimated at a record 126.0 million metric tons (mmt) and 36.9 million hectares (mha), respectively (USDA, 2020). The state of Mato Grosso is the largest producer, which is responsible for 28% of the Brazilian production (CONAB, 2019). Anthracnose is an important disease, which can cause severe damage under high temperature and moisture. Anthracnose may induce pods rotting and falling, immature pods opening and premature grain germination, resulting in a reduced pod number, leaf retention and green stem (Hartman et al, 2015)
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