Abstract
BackgroundHelp seeking behaviour amongst married women who experienced Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) has received limited attention in Africa. This study examines the geographic variation and investigates determinants of help seeking behaviour amongst married women in Ethiopia.MethodsThis study analysed data from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS). Data was extracted for married women age 15–49 years old who experienced IPV. Factors associated with help seeking behaviour were identified using multiple logistic regression adjusted for clustering and weighing. The weighted proportion of factors associated with help seeking behaviour was exported to ArcGIS to conduct autocorrelation analysis.ResultsThe prevalence of help seeking behaviour among married women who experienced IPV was 19.8% (95% CI: 15.9–24.3%). Only 9.2% of them sought help from a formal source (such as police, lawyer or doctor). Multiple logistic regression analyses showed physical violence (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=2.76), educational attainment (AOR=2.1), a partner’s alcohol consumption (AOR=1.9), partner’s controlling behaviour (AOR= 2.4), partner’s employment status, (AOR= 1.9) and wealth index (AOR=2.8) were significantly associated factors with help seeking behaviour among married women who experienced IPV in Ethiopia (P< 0.05). Women in Benishangul-Gumuz, Gambella, Harari, Western and Eastern Amhara, and Afar had the lowest odds of help seeking behaviour (P< 0.001) after experiencing IPV.ConclusionThe findings of this study suggest that poor help seeking behaviour for married women experiencing IPV is a significant public health problem in Ethiopia. Multiple interrelated factors were associated with poor help seeking behaviour. These factors include women’s level of educational attainment, women experiencing physical violence, partners exhibiting controlling behaviour, partner’s alcohol consumption, the employment status of the partner, and wealth status of the household were important predictors of help seeking behaviour. Policies and interventions need to be tailored to address these factors to improve women’s health outcomes and to prevent IPV.
Highlights
The World Health Organization (WHO) defines intimate partner violence (IPV), as “any behaviour within an intimate relationship that causes physical, psychological or sexual harm to those in the relationship that includes acts of physical aggression, psychological abuse, sexual coercion, and controlling behaviours” [1]
In summary, the findings show that the prevalence of help seeking behaviour among married women who experienced Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) in Ethiopia was very low, IPV is highly prevalent
Formal help seeking behaviour in Ethiopia is limited, which poses a challenge to designing effective public health interventions to address IPV
Summary
The World Health Organization (WHO) defines intimate partner violence (IPV), as “any behaviour within an intimate relationship that causes physical, psychological or sexual harm to those in the relationship that includes acts of physical aggression, psychological abuse, sexual coercion, and controlling behaviours” [1]. 30% of women experience gender based violence (GBV) [2]. In Sub-Saharan Africa, the prevalence of GBV exceeds the global rate at 44% prevalence [3]. IPV is the most common form of GBV, accounting for 75 to 85% of violence against women globally [4, 5]. A recent nationwide survey in Ethiopia revealed the lifetime prevalence of any form of IPV (physical, emotional or sexual) was 34% [8]. 57% of married women reported experiencing at least one form of controlling behaviour from their partner [8]. Help seeking behaviour amongst married women who experienced Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) has received limited attention in Africa.
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