Geographic Information System (GIS) Application in Soil Fertility Management: A Review

Abstract

As the global population expected to reach 10 billion by 2050 and arable land decreases, innovative soil management strategies are required to maximize agricultural productivity while preserving natural resources. GIS, as a powerful technology, offers a comprehensive solution by enabling the collection, storage, analysis, and visualization of spatial data for agricultural purposes. By integrating GIS with sensors, communication technologies, and data analytics, precision agriculture is possible, allowing for efficient use of agricultural inputs and reduced environmental impact. GIS technology facilitates the simulation and modeling of biological ecosystems, providing valuable insights for sustainable soil management. It has diverse applications in agriculture, ranging from soil nutrient mapping to yield estimations and runoff detection. GIS works by overlaying various layers of information onto digital maps, allowing for the identification of relationships and patterns that are crucial for optimizing soil fertility. Detailed maps created through GIS highlight the distribution of soil nutrients, pH levels, and moisture content, enabling informed decision-making on fertilizer use, irrigation techniques, and land management practices. By harnessing the power of GIS, farmers and land managers can make data-driven decisions that maximize agricultural productivity, conserve resources, and protect soil health for future generations. The integration of GIS with other technologies further enhances its effectiveness in soil fertility management. Overall, GIS is a valuable tool for understanding and managing soil fertility, contributing to sustainable agriculture and food security.