Geoelectrical Exploration for Groundwater Around The New Communities, East Nile Delta

Abstract

Within the last couple of decades, the groundwater development in Egypt has become more and more important. New communities and land reclamation projects have been recently established in the area to the east of the Nile Delta to overcome the growing population problem in Egypt. Groundwater is the second source of water in Egypt. The present paper deals with the hydrogeological investigation using geoelectrical vertical electrical sounding technique around the new communities, East Nile Delta. A number of 53 vertical electrical soundings using Schlumberger electrode configuration with maximum current electrode spacing “AB” = 1400m have been carried out by the authors. Raw data of 92 VES from (Ezz El Din, 1993 and Abd El-Gawad, 1997) are reinterpreted. Records of the water wells drilled in the study area and chemical analysis for the water samples are been guided. The interpreted VES data in the form of layer thickness and resistivities presented on the crosssections are found not to be easily a sequence of continuous sedimentary lithologic layers due to of the lateral changes in layer resistivities. Therefore, the geoelectrical resistivity layers lumped into three Litho- resistivity zones with different hydrogeological conditions. Litho-resistivity zone (A) represents the detrital surface cover. Litho-resistivity zone (B) represents the dry zone. Litho-resistivity zone (C) represents the saturation zone in the study area. Geoelectric cross-sections have been constructed. The different aquifers have been recognized with main structural elements controlling these aquifers.