Abstract
A geoelectrical survey was carried out in parts of the Chad Basin Fadama Floodplain as a means of evaluating both the soil corrosivity and protective capacity. One hundred and six Schlumberger Vertical Electrical Sounding data were collected at the corners of a 225 x 225 m square grid network. Topsoil resistivity and topsoil longitudinal unit conductance maps were generated from the first and second order geoelectric parameters respectively. Areas considered as high corrosivity are the north central, southwestern, southern and northern parts with (r<180w-m). Part of the study area characterized by materials of poor to weak protective capacity has longitudinal conductance values of less than 0.1 and (0.1 - 0.19) mhos respectively. Values between (0.2 - 0.79 mhos - sandy clay cover) and (0.8 - 4.9 mhos - clay cover) correspond to moderate and good protective capacity respectively. It can thus be concluded that the flanks of the floodplain underlain by appreciable clayey topsoil thickness columns are susceptible to corrosion tendency. These same flanks are characterized by materials of moderate to good protective capacity and serve as sealing potential for the underlying hydrogeological system in the area.
Highlights
Underground storage tanks for petroleum products, septic tanks, agricultural activities, municipal landfills, military installations, nuclear sites, waste infiltration systems and abandoned hazardous waste sites are generally considered major threats to groundwater/hydrogeologic system or porous media aquifers (Mohammed, 2007).Fadamas floodplain is part of the wetland regions of the West Chad Basin located between Azare and Jama’are towns, northeastern Nigeria
4.1 Geoelectric Results The results are presented as vertical electrical sounding curves displaying the geoelectric parameters, corrosivity and longitudinal conductance maps
The longitudinal conductance map reveals that above 95% of the study area are characterized by topsoil with poor to weak protective capacity
Summary
Underground storage tanks for petroleum products, septic tanks, agricultural activities, municipal landfills, military installations, nuclear sites, waste infiltration systems and abandoned hazardous waste sites are generally considered major threats to groundwater/hydrogeologic system or porous media aquifers (Mohammed, 2007).Fadamas floodplain is part of the wetland regions of the West Chad Basin located between Azare and Jama’are towns, northeastern Nigeria. Underground storage tanks for petroleum products, septic tanks, agricultural activities, municipal landfills, military installations, nuclear sites, waste infiltration systems and abandoned hazardous waste sites are generally considered major threats to groundwater/hydrogeologic system or porous media aquifers (Mohammed, 2007). Agricultural activities in many parts of the area may portend serious environmental/hydrogeological threats, in respect of the accessibility of porous/alluvial sand water table aquifers to pollution. The vulnerability of these aquifers to pollution may be considerably high as the continuous and extensive use of chemical fertilizers/pesticides, the drainage or wash off of animal solid wastes disposal from nomadic grazing activities, and flood activities remained. Man’s activities ranging from land fill solid wastes disposal to liquid wastes disposal etc. may remain a contributory factor
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