Abstract
Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) is an advanced multitemporal InSAR technique that is capable of retrieving the 3D coordinates and the underlying deformation of time-coherent scatterers. Various factors degrade the localization accuracy of PSI point clouds in the geocoding process, which causes problems for interpretation of deformation results and also making it difficult for the point clouds to be compared with or integrated into data from other sensors. In this study, we employ the SAR imaging geodesy method to perform geodetic corrections on SAR timing observations and thus improve the positioning accuracy in the horizontal components. We further utilize geodetic stereo SAR to extract large number of highly precise ground control points (GCP) from SAR images, in order to compensate for the unknown height offset of the PSI point cloud. We demonstrate the applicability of the approach using TerraSAR-X high resolution spotlight images over the city of Berlin, Germany. The corrected results are compared with a reference LiDAR point cloud of Berlin, which confirms the improvement in the geocoding accuracy.
Highlights
In the past two decades, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) and its multitemporal extensions have proved their ability for continuous mapping and deformation monitoring of the surface of the Earth
In this paper, a SAR-based method has been introduced in order to improve the geocoding accuracy of Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) point clouds
It has been shown that the geocoding errors related to height can be compensated for by the use of ground control points (GCP) which are extracted and localized using the SAR data itself
Summary
In the past two decades, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) and its multitemporal extensions have proved their ability for continuous mapping and deformation monitoring of the surface of the Earth. Among the existing InSAR approaches, Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) is nowadays considered one of the most operational techniques for wide area processing. PSI is a single-master InSAR technique that extracts phase-stable scatterers, the so-called Persistent Scatterers (PS), from a stack of SAR images and retrieves their heights along with their deformation history through the exploitation of their interferometric phase [1,2]. The PSI technique is highly effective in urban areas because of the availability of a high density of PS. Coupling the technique with high resolution images, such as the ones from the TerraSAR-X spotlight mode, produces on average between 40,000 to 100,000 PS per square kilometer [4,5], which allows for detailed infrastructure monitoring
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