Abstract
This study presents a geochemical investigation of Tikak Parbat and Tipam Sandstone Formations occurring in and around Dilli area, Sivasagar, Assam. Petrographically Tikak Parbat and Tipam sandstones are mainly quartzose arenite to sublitharenite types with their constituents being derived from recycled orogen provenance under sub-humid to humid climatic conditions. Geochemically, sandstones of both the formations range from sublitharenite to wacke. They indicate a recycled orogen source and influence of humid to arid condition. Source rocks of Tikak Parbat sandstones were more weathered than the Tipam sandstones. While Tikak Parbat sandstones show affinity towards passive margin, Tipam sandstones hint at active continental margin setup, where clasts were supplied from uplifted areas. Upliftment of provenance covering areas of Naga Patkai Range in the south east and Eastern Himalayas along the syntaxial bend during mid Miocene affected the sandstones. Tikak Parbat sandstones reflect a stable tectonic setup which later underwent a phase of volatility leading to deposition of the Tipam sandstones. Our study supports a sediment supply from the upper continental crust, largely of granitic composition, however, with a significant variation in their depth of source supply. Trace element analyses indicate depositional setup with low ventilation marked by both oxic and anoxic phases.
Highlights
Physical examinations of sedimentary rocks and subsequent provenance analyses have been priority research domains in the field of sedimentological studies
The abundance of major oxides and some commonly considered major oxide ratios of both Tikak Parbat sandstones and Tipam sandstones of the Dilli area are listed in Table 4 and Table 5 respectively
The average SiO2 of Tikak Parbat sandstones is much higher at 83.38% while that of the Tipam sandstones, it is around 59.74% which means that sediment contributions were from deeper levels for the Tipam Sandstones
Summary
Physical examinations of sedimentary rocks and subsequent provenance analyses have been priority research domains in the field of sedimentological studies. Such attempts mostly aim to reconstruct the pre-depositional history of a sediment or sedimentary rock which includes observations on the distance and direction of the provenance, type, size and setting of the source region, climate and relief in the source area, and the specific type of sedimentary rocks [1] [2] [3] [4]. Geochemical data are usually sub-divided into four categories: major elements, trace elements, radiogenic isotopes and stable isotopes. The status and trends of these four categories throw some light on the geological background of the rocks
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