Abstract
An underground liquified petroleum gas (LPG) storage facility was constructed between 2003 and 2013 in Namikata, Imabari City, Ehime Prefecture, Japan, to increase domestic LPG stockpiles. The most important issue during construction and operation of this facility is gas leakage prevention. To thwart water leakage, the water curtain system was constructed according to design standards, and a large amount of deionized seawater (seal water) was continuously injected into the rock mass around the cavern to keep the water level constant during both construction and operation. It is possible to distinguish three end member waters (existing groundwater, seawater or fossil seawater, and seal water) using the salinity and isotope (δ18O) difference because seal water injected underground has almost the same δ18O value as seawater. In this study, continuous observation is carried out using the geochemical techniques for flow analysis with a mixing proportion of three end-members in the initial construction period (April 2005 to March 2006) of the LPG underground storage facility. It is determined that existing groundwater and fossil seawater originally distributed in this region are partly replaced by seal water in the cavern.
Highlights
Liquified petroleum gas (LPG) is a gaseous fuel that is mainly composed of butane and propane extracted from by-product gases in oil fields, natural gas fields, and oil refineries
The samples in which only the oxygen isotopic compositions and the Cl concentration values of spring water in the tunnel were analyzed are shown in the supplement data
In the underground LPG storage base constructed in Namikata, a large amount of seal water is continuously charged around the cavern to keep the water level constant
Summary
Liquified petroleum gas (LPG) is a gaseous fuel that is mainly composed of butane and propane extracted from by-product gases in oil fields, natural gas fields, and oil refineries It can be liquefied at room temperature by simple compressors and cooling. The main components and hydrogen and oxygen isotopic compositions were analyzed to determine the mixing ratio of injected seawater to existing groundwater. 1500 L/min) is deionized and continuously injected as seal water into the rock mass around the cavern from the water gallery; this is intended to keep the groundwater level constant during the period of tunnel construction for the storage facility (Fig. 1b). The hydrogen and oxygen isotopic compositions and Cl concentration values of water samples were measured monthly during the initial construction period (April 2005 to March 2006), and the main chemical components were analyzed to examine the groundwater behavior geochemically
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