Geochemical Monitoring of Atmospheric Heavy Metal Pollution: Theory and Applications

Abstract

Publisher Summary This chapter begins with an introduction on the topic, that is, geochemical monitoring of atmospheric heavy metal pollution. The three types of natural deposit that have been used most extensively in monitoring the deposition of heavy metals from the atmosphere are peat, ice deposits, and aquatic sediments. In this chapter, the value of geochemical monitoring has been explored by reference to the theoretical constraints of the method, and in the context of its proven applications. A critical assessment of the contribution of geochemical monitoring to our understanding of airborne heavy metals in the environment is reviewed. World-wide aspects of atmospheric pollution are discussed lastly by reference to the oceanic and polar regions. A final evaluation can best be made in terms of the principal criteria of monitoring which include: quantitative assessment; spatial assessment; temporal assessment; source assessment; and environmental impact assessment. The conclusion from this evaluation is that, within its theoretical constraints, geochemical monitoring fulfils the basic criteria of monitoring outlined above. Its chief weaknesses are in quantitative assessment.. Much of the potential of geochemical monitoring to shed light on the broad historical perspective of heavy metal pollution on a global scale has yet to be explored.