Abstract
Extensive Late Miocene to Pliocene Erenlerdagi volcanism produced lava domes, nuee ardentes and ignimbrite deposits in west and southwest of the Konya. The domes may contain various enclaves, which range in size from a few cm to a few meters, and in shape cornered to spherical. The volcanic rocks are made up of plagioclase (15-45%), brown amphibole (3-15%), brown biotite (5-10 %), quartz (0-5%), sanidine (0-5%), clinopyroxene (0-5 %), epidote (0-8%), opaque iron ore (3-20%), and accessory acicular apatite and zircon in a holocrystalline porphyric texture. Geochemical data shows that all samples are high-K calc-alkaline, mostly metaluminous, and rhyodacite to andesite in composition. They are characterized by an enrichment in Large Ion lithophile Elements (e.g. Cs, K), and a depletion in High Field Strength Elements (e.g. Ti, Y). In Harker variation diagrams, SiO2 increases with increasing K2O, Na2O, Rb, Th, U, Nb, Zr contents; and decreasing TiO2, FeOt, MgO, CaO contents, suggesting fractional crystallisation of hornblende (± pyroxene, olivine) and titanite. The REE pattern of the samples shows an enrichment in Light Rare Earth Elements, and a depletion in Heavy Rare Earth Elements, resultant with high ((La/Lu)N= 8.2-18.0) ratios. Existence of slight Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu*: 0.66-0.80 ) may suggest plagioclase fractionation in the samples. Based on field, mineralogical and geochemical data, it has been suggested that the Erenlerdagi volcanics could have formed by chemical mixing of felsic and mafic magmas possibly coupled with fractional crystallisation of hornblende (± pyroxene, olivine), plagioclase and titanite, in relation with the subduction of the African plate underneath the Anatolian plate during Miocene.
Highlights
Turkey is located on the Alpine-Himalayan orogenic belt and occupies a zone of convergence between two major plates, Eurasia and Afro-Arabia
Along the Miocene thrust front, collision of Eurasian and Arabian plates induced deformation of the Anatolian plate, and produced various volcanic rocks covered an area of about 85,000 km2 in East, Central and West Anatolia [1]
Geochemical data suggests that the crystal fractionation played a significant role in the genesis of the volcanic rocks during ascending of a homogeneous magma
Summary
Turkey is located on the Alpine-Himalayan orogenic belt and occupies a zone of convergence between two major plates, Eurasia and Afro-Arabia. It is aimed to determine geochemical characteristics and petrogenesis of the Miocene lava dome at Yatagan and Saglik area. GEOLOGICAL SETTING The study area is made up of volcanic, sedimentary and volcano-sedimentary units (Figure 1). Based on the stratigraphic and radiometric age determination of volcanic rocks, it was suggested that Sille volcanics are the first volcanic phase [2] [10] This unit underlied the sedimentary and volcano-sedimentary rocks, which are overlain by Kiziloren, Bulumya, Detse and Sadiklar ignimbrites, nuee ardentes and andesitic-basaltic lava and dome (Figure 1). There are a few rock quarries at Yatagan and Saglik area (Figure 2), in where mafic-and felsic magma interactions can be clearly observed. SiO2 shows negative correlation with Eu/Eu*, Sr (Figure 7), suggesting plagioclase fractionation. SiO2 shows a negative correlation with both K and Rb, possibly due to biotite being remained in the melt
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