Abstract
This study investigates auriferous granitoids from the Esuajah and Fobinso pits within the Ayanfuri environment in the Paleoproterozoic Kumasi basin. The aim is to establish the geochemical characteristics of the granitoid gold ores and the possible deposit type which may influence mineral project development. 13 major and 51 trace elements were analyzed using XRF and ICP-MS devices, respectively. The granitoids are mainly classified as granodiorite that crystallized from a calc-alkaline magma series. The Fobinso granodiorite derived from the partial melting of the Birimian metasedimentary rocks, while the Esuajah granitoid derived from igneous rock melts. The granitoid are linked to magma source depleted in mantle material that contains crustal components through subduction processes. Major oxides of the granitoid vary lowly from the average background values derived for basin type granitoid in such terrains. Generally, the granitoid are enriched in Large Ion Lithophile Elements (LILE), while High Field Strength Elements (HFSE) and base metals are within background values when compared to Primitive Mantle (PM) values. Gold mineralisation is associated with Ag, As, Bi, Sb, Te, Pb and S in the peraluminous granitoids. Geochemical characteristics and field observations identify the deposit style as an orogenic related gold deposit type.
Highlights
Until the revival of gold exploration in Ghana in the late 1980s, only two major types of gold deposit types were extensively studied within the Birimian metallogenic province in Ghana (Yao and Robb, 2000)
Gold exploration has been mainly focused on sediment-hosted shear zones, where significant deposits have in time past formed the basis of gold exploitation
The granitoids are predominantly granodiorite that has crystallized from a calc-alkaline magma series
Summary
Until the revival of gold exploration in Ghana in the late 1980s, only two major types of gold deposit types were extensively studied within the Birimian metallogenic province in Ghana (Yao and Robb, 2000). These deposit types are the shear zone hosted lode-quartz veins and/or disseminated sulphides and the auriferous quartz-pebble conglomerates (Kesse, 1985; Hirdes and Leube, 1989; Leube et al, 1990 and Schmidt Mumm et al, 1997).
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