Abstract
The abundance of tin has been generally underestimated due to the difficulty of dissolving cassiterite, and to the subsequent calibrations of instrumental techniques with standard samples whose Sn values were determined by chemical techniques. Using a spark-source mass spectrometric calibration procedure which is independent of standard samples, we conclude that the abundance of Sn in international rock standards is higher than earlier determinations by factors of 1.5–2. Sn abundance values in the continental crust based on these earlier values have been revised as follows: upper crust, 5.5 ppm; total crust, 2.5 ppm; and lower crust, 1.0 ppm.
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