Abstract
BackgroundPlasmodium vivax malaria is a major public health problem in India. Control of vivax malaria is challenging due to various factors including relapse which increase the burden significantly. There is no well studied marker to differentiate relapse from reinfection. This creates hindrance in search for anti-relapse medicines. The genomic study of minisatellite can help in characterization of relapse and new infection of vivax malaria.MethodsEighty-eight samples of P. vivax were collected from malaria clinic. All the 14 chromosomes of P. vivax were scanned for minisatellite marker by Tandem Repeat Finder software Version 4.07b. Minisatellite marker CH1T1M13779 from chromosome one was applied for genotyping in 88 samples of P. vivax including 2 recurrence cases.ResultsWhole genome of P. vivax was scanned and found to have one hundred minisatellite markers. CH1T1M13779 minisatellite marker from chromosome-1 was used for amplification in 88 samples of P. vivax. Of 66 amplified samples, 14 alleles were found with varied allele frequency. The base size of 280 (13.63 %) 320 bp (13.63 %) and 300 bp (16.66 %) showed the predominant allele in the P. vivax population. Genotyping of two paired samples (day 0 and day relapse) could demonstrate the presence of relapse and reinfection.ConclusionThe CH1T1M13779 can be potential minisatellite marker which can be used to differentiate between relapse and new infection of P. vivax strain.
Highlights
Plasmodium vivax malaria is a major public health problem in India
Identification of minisatellite markers All the 14 chromosomes of P. vivax were downloaded from National Center for Biotechnology (NCBI) and chromosome wise scanning for minisatellite markers was performed by Tandem Repeat Finder (TRF) software Version 4.07b [23]
Genome scanning for minisatellite marker and validation in clinical samples of Plasmodium vivax One hundred minisatellite markers were identified in the whole genome sequence of P. vivax
Summary
Plasmodium vivax malaria is a major public health problem in India. Control of vivax malaria is challenging due to various factors including relapse which increase the burden significantly. There is no well studied marker to differentiate relapse from reinfection. This creates hindrance in search for anti-relapse medicines. The genomic study of minisatellite can help in characterization of relapse and new infection of vivax malaria. Malaria is a major global public health problem [1]. Relapsing nature of P. vivax poses a challenge for malaria elimination. Relapse rates of 5–40 % have been reported from India [3]. The long-term relapsing malaria has been reported from India [3,4,5]. It is difficult to differentiate relapse from reinfection and the existing methods have limitations
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