Genotyping of human papillomavirus among human immunodeficiency virus-positive populations

Abstract

Objective To compare the prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus（HPV）between human immunodeficiency virus（HIV）-positive and-negative populations. Methods Patients with condyloma acuminatum or persons who recently had sexual contact with patients with condyloma acuminatum were enrolled into this study, and classified into HIV-positive group（n = 62）and HIV-negative group（n = 2 716）. GeneChip analysis was performed to detect HPV and determine HPV genotypes in mucocutaneous samples collected from the external genitalia of these subjects. Statistical analysis was carried out by chi-square test using the SPSS software version 19.0. Results The prevalence rates of HPV infection, high-risk HPV types and low-risk HPV types were significantly higher in HIV-positive persons than in HIV-negative persons（74.19%（46/62）vs. 42.30%（1 149/2 716）, 67.74%（42/62）vs. 29.57%（803/2 716）, 58.06%（36/62）vs. 24.71%（671/2 716）, respectively, all P < 0.01）. The detection rate of HPV was also increased in HIV-positive men compared with HIV-negative men（92.11%（35/38）vs. 37.38%（382/1 022）, χ2= 45.98, P< 0.01）. Although the top three genotypes of low-risk HPV were types 6, 43 and 11 in both HIV-positive and-negative groups, the prevalence rate of HPV 6 was 37.10%（23/62）in HIV-positive group, but only 11.12%（302/2 716）in HIV-negative group. The top five genotypes of high-risk HPV were types 16（22.58%, 14/62）, 52, 66, 58 and 18 in HIV-positive group, and types 16（7.77%, 211/2716）, 58, 56, 66 and 52 in HIV-negative group. Coinfections with multiple HPV subtypes were common in both groups, and the number of concurrent HPV genotypes was as high as 8 in HIV-positive group, and 9 in HIV-negative group. The prevalence rate of coinfections with three or more HPV genotypes in HIV-positive group was significantly higher than that in HIV-negative group（65.21%（30/46）vs. 16.71%（192/1 149））. Conclusions Compared with HIV-negative populations, HIV-positive populations show elevated prevalence of HPV infection, high-risk HPV genotypes and low-risk HPV genotypes. Moreover, the prevalence of HPV is higher in HIV-positive men than in HIV-negative men. These findings are worthy of further attention in clinic. Key words: HIV infections; Papillomavirus infections; Alphapapillomavirus; Superinfection